Caularthron bilamellatum: A Cleistogamous, Myrmecophytic Orchid

The epiphytic orchid, Caularthron bilamellatum, has two particularly interesting features: it is a facultative myrmecophyte, and it is cleistogamous (i.e., most of its flowers do not open). Here, we first review published findings of its interaction with ants, identifying benefits for both ants and plants. We then describe key results from a previously unpublished study on its reproductive biology, a topic that has received little attention to date. We close with recommendations for future research on this interesting species.